Iatrogenic male infertility: medical and surgical treatments that impair male fertility.

Many medical and surgical treatments result in impaired male fertility. Sometimes impairments are permanent, while other times they may be reversible. Clinicians who treat urologic and nonurologic problems, as well as those of us who treat male and female infertility should understand what treatments affect which aspects of reproduction and what options for management are available. Conditions for which treatment may impair fertility range from benign prostatic hyperplasia to cancer to behavioral health issues. This month's Views and Reviews summarizes these conditions, the mechanisms of fertility impairment as well as preemptive and posttreatment approaches for management.