Classification and characteristics of pterygoid process fracture associated with maxillary transverse fracture.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to classify pterygoid process fractures associated with maxillary transverse fractures.

STUDY

DESIGN

Pterygoid process fractures in 100 patients with maxillary transverse fractures were observed 2- and 3-dimensionally using image processing software. Fracture line course and height and sphenoid sinus involvement were recorded.

RESULTS

Pterygoid process fractures were classified as follows: class I, vertical (simple separation between medial and lateral plates); or class II, transverse (3 subcategories according to location of fracture line: II-1, within pterygoid fossa; II-2, above pterygoid fossa, not extending to sphenoid sinus floor; II-3, above pterygoid fossa, involving sphenoid sinus floor). Class I fracture was observed on 5 sides (2.7%); II-1, on 125 (66.5%); II-2, on 36 (19.1%); and II-3, on 22 (1.7%).

CONCLUSIONS

Pterygoid process fractures were predominantly near the upper edge of the pterygoid fossa. Pneumatization of the pterygoid process is a risk in fractures involving the sphenoid sinus floor.