Hypospadias repair. Preoperative preparation, intraoperative techniques, postoperative care.

The location of the defect and the need for surgery causes these children and their parents more emotional concern than the actual defect. Voiding usually prevents no problem, especially because they are still in diapers. Children this age are not affected by an altered body image, but their parents' are concerned about their children having an acceptable physical appearance and adequate future sexual competency. These fears can be transmitted to the children. It is important to communicate with the parents and the children about realistic expectations of the surgery--this will help avert problems later problems. The overall success rate to correct hypospadias is approximately 85%. The goals of hypospadias repair are restoration of normal urination, relief of chordee, assurance of a sexually adequate penis, and placement of the urethral meatus at the tip of the glans penis. A successful surgery will enable the child to void in the standing position by voluntarily directing the stream in the usual manner.