Delayed Massive Hemothorax Induced by Tunneled Dialysis Catheter Placement via the Left Internal Jugular Vein: A Case Report.

The tunneled dialysis catheter is among the most commonly used vascular accesses for patients undergoing hemodialysis. Delayed hemothorax resulting from central venous perforation induced by catheterization is a rare but serious complication. However, there are few reports. This article reports the case of a 79-year-old male who developed delayed massive hemothorax following catheter placement via the left internal jugular vein. The condition was successfully managed with closed thoracostomy and conservative therapy. This case underscores the potential for delayed hemothorax after tunneled dialysis catheter placement, emphasizing the need for heightened vigilance during the immediate post-procedural period. Close monitoring in the first hours after catheterization is critical to enable early detection, prompt recognition, and timely intervention for such complications.