Effects of purified scorpion toxin (tityustoxin) on gastric secretion in the rat.

An i.v. bolus injection of a purified scorpion toxin (tityustoxin, TsTX) in urethane anesthetized rats induced a dramatic increase in volume, acid and pepsin output of gastric juice and a significant decrease in its pH. The maximal stimulatory effects of TsTX on gastric secretion were obtained with a dose of 0.25 mg/kg acting for 60 min. Hexamethonium did not prevent the gastric secretion evoked by TsTX, whereas atropine or cimetidine abolished partially or totally the toxin effects. Acute bilateral cervical or abdominal vagotomy did not prevent the effects of TsTX on gastric secretion, but chronic abdominal vagotomy abolished the toxin effects. Chronic antrectomy diminished the effect of TsTX on gastric secretion. In the pylorus-ligated group of rats, the gastric secretion evoked by TsTX was not different from that observed in the pylorus-intact group. It is concluded that the changes in gastric volume, acid output, pH and pepsin output induced by TsTX in the rat are due to the release of chemical mediators from postganglionic autonomic nerve fibers which would act through muscarinic and H2-receptors stimulation.