[Factors influencing incidence of spontaneous abortion, dyspareunia, dysmenorrhea and chronic pelvic pain].

The aim of this study was to investigate the association between on the one hand pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), induced abortion, postabortal complications and age and on the other the rate of spontaneous abortion. The influences of PID, induced and spontaneous abortion, postabortal complications, age and parity on the rates of dyspareunia, dysmenorrhea and chronic pelvic pain were also investigated. Questionnaires were given to all women referred for delivery and induced first-trimester abortion to the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Gentofte hospital during the period January-May 1988. Altogether 1229 women answered the questionnaire, 868 were referred for delivery and 361 for induced abortion. In 839 women without previous induced abortion, a history of PID was associated with an increased risk of spontaneous abortion (odds ratio (OR) 1.55, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03-2.33); women above the age of 33 had a lower risk of spontaneous abortion (OR 0.53, 95% CI 0.30-0.96). In 382 women with previous induced abortion, the influence of age on the rate of spontaneous abortion was continuous so that an increase of one year of age reduced the risk of spontaneous abortion by 0.91 (95% CI 0.85-0.96). Women with any previous PID when compared to those without, more often had dyspareunia (14 versus 3%, OR 3.87, 95% CI 2.35-6.37) and chronic pelvic pain (six versus 0.4%, OR 13.07, 95% CI 10.09-16.04). Age was inversely associated with the incidence of dysmenorrhea (OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.91-0.97). We conclude that PID is associated with spontaneous abortion, whereas age correlates inversely with the rate of spontaneous abortion.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)