Combination Lipid-Lowering Therapies for the Prevention of Recurrent Cardiovascular Events.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: There has been confusion following the 2013 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) Lipid guidelines on the role of non-statin medications for cardiovascular prevention.

RECENT FINDINGS: Several recent large trials have also now shown that lowering LDL with non-statins reduces cardiovascular events. In ASCVD patients on statins, adding ezetimibe or a PCSK9 inhibitor led to reductions in CV events in the IMPROVE IT, FOURIER, and most recently the ODYSSEY-OUTCOMES trials. Additional novel therapies reducing LDL and other atherogenic lipoproteins are in development during this exciting time in this field. With recent evidence, the 2017 ACC Expert Consensus Decision pathway calls for initial therapy with statins, monitoring LDL levels, and then adding ezetimibe and/or PCSK9 inhibitors to further lower LDL-C to targets based on the patient's risk.