[Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor causing hemothorax; report of a case].

We herein report a case of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor that caused a hemothorax. A 39-year-old male was found to have an abnormal shadow on a chest X-ray. Chest computed tomography showed a 60-mm tumor in the right posterior mediastinum. Fourteen months earlier, he underwent drainage of a hemothorax with a medaistinal tumor but refused to undergo further examinations. We performed a tumor resection combined with the right lower lobectomy and the partial resection of the pericardium because of invasion. The histological examination confirmed the diagnosis of a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor. Postoperative radiotherapy was performed. The patient has been well without recurrence for 9 months.