Fabrication of Low-Temperature ppb-Level Ethanol Gas Sensor Based on Hierarchical NiO-SnO2 Nanoflowers Under Hydrothermal Conditions.

Hierarchical NiO-SnO2 nanoflowers were prepared via a one-step hydrothermal method. The morphology, structure and components of the hierarchical NiO-SnO2 nanoflowers were examined via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), respectively. The ethanol gas-sensing performance was systematically analyzed between pure hierarchical SnO2 nanoflowers and the hierarchical NiO-SnO2 nanoflowers. The results indicated that the hierarchical NiO-SnO2 nanoflowers showed better gas-sensing properties than the pure hierarchical SnO2 nanoflowers at 164 °C. The enhanced gas-sensing performance was ascribed to the formation of p-n heterojunctions between p-type NiO and n-type SnO2. Additionally, NiO has a catalytic role. Therefore, hierarchical NiO-SnO2 nanoflowers could be a potential gas-sensing material for the fabrication of high-quality ethanol gas sensors.