A journey through the anatomy of the cerebellum.

The present narrative review delves into the multifaceted roles of the cerebellum, highlighting its significance beyond traditional motor functions to encompass cognitive and behavior-related processes, as evidenced by advancements in functional neuroimaging. We provide a comprehensive summary of the cerebellum's embryological development, intricate microanatomy, macroanatomy, and vascular anatomy of the cerebellum, revealing how these aspects contribute to its unique circuitry and operational capabilities. A non-systematic literature search was conducted using the PubMed database, focusing on landmark and recent studies addressing the embryology, anatomy, clinical correlations and radiological aspects of the cerebellum. Ultimately, this review underscores the cerebellum's complex structure and diverse function, advocating for a deeper understanding to improve diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for cerebellar disorders.