Hypospadias.

The principles involved in the two techniques illustrated in this article are safe and effective. Complications can occur, as with any surgical procedure, but they can be minimized with careful attention to detail. In this, as in most discussions of technique, many small details are not included. Therefore, the reader is warned against embarking on repairs with the book in front of him in the operating room. The illustrations serve only as a guide and offer various degrees of assistance, depending upon the amount of the surgeon's experience. The list of references that follows is a fascinating tour of the development of hypospadias surgery, and is recommended reading.