[Biological characteristics of p63 and the strategies and pitfalls in the application of pathological diagnosis of breast diseases].

In breast pathology, tumor protein 63 (p63) is a highly sensitive and specific immunohistochemical marker for myoepithelial cells. It plays a crucial role in distinguishing benign from malignant diseases and in differentiating in situ carcinoma from invasive carcinoma. Aberrant p63 expression has also been increasingly recognized as a subject of clinical and diagnostic interest. A comprehensive understanding of the biological characteristics of p63, appropriate selection of antibodies, and its variable expression patterns across different breast diseases is essential for the accurate application and interpretation of p63 immunohistochemistry, enabling the avoidance of diagnostic pitfalls, minimizing misinterpretations, and ultimately supporting more precise pathological diagnosis.