Vitamins and the skin: Vitamin C in dermatology.

We explore the pivotal role of vitamin C, or L-ascorbic acid, in skin health, emphasizing its antioxidant properties, collagen synthesis cofactor role, and tyrosinase inhibition capabilities. These mechanisms of action underlie its protective effects against environmental stressors, particularly UV radiation-induced damage. Clinical studies underscore the effectiveness of topical L-ascorbic acid in preventing photoaging, reducing wrinkles, and mitigating hyperpigmentation. Formulation strategies, including pH adjustment and encapsulation, are explored to address the intrinsic instability of L-ascorbic acid. Although L-ascorbic acid continues to be widely used, promising derivatives exhibit enhanced stability, but limited skin penetration is a challenge. Ongoing research aims to optimize formulations and investigate new derivatives, striving for maximal efficacy and safety in skincare applications.