Empathy levels among health sciences professors in Latin America: distribution, classification and gender differences.
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Díaz-Narváez Víctor P, Gamarra-Moncayo José, Vázquez-García Rubén Eduardo, de León Jaime Hernández, Palacio Luz Marina Alonso, Cuello-Pérez Margarett, Fortich-Mesa Natalia, Saldaña Luis Montero, Jiménez Laura Sánchez, Estrada-Méndez Nuvia, Toro Carolina More, Valles Irma Andrade, Meza Yolima Pertuz, Ramírez Jorge Bilbao, Silva-Vetri María G, González-Díaz Eugenia, Martínez Adán Alexis Acosta, Amador Lesbia Tirado, Chávez Sendy Meléndez, Salgado Juan David Salcedos, Giraldo María Alicia Agudelo, Delgado Adalberto Llinas, Cabrera Jesús Alonso, Huerta-González Sara
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Teachers are considered potential empathetic mentors who can serve as positive role models in the development of empathy skills among students in health sciences disciplines, positively influencing their relationships with healthy or ill individuals. Objective: To estimate and classify the levels of empathy among health sciences professors in Latin America and compare their distribution by gender. Methods: This was a descriptive- analytical cross-sectional study design, involving 1,128 health sciences professors from six Latin American countries. The Jefferson Scale of Empathy – Health Professions version (JSE-HP) was administered. Descriptive statistics were applied, along with confirmatory factor analysis (using the WLSMV estimator) and analysis of variance by gender. Empathy levels were calculated based on established cut-off points. RESULTS: More that half of the professors showed empathy levels in the medium to very low range. Measurement invariance by gender was supported. Statistically significant but small differences were observed, with women scoring slightly higher in Perspective Taking dimension and overall empathy. CONCLUSION: Health sciences faculty in Latin America showed predominantly moderate empathy levels with small gender differences. These findings emphasize the need to strengthen empathy support in academic settings.