Thalasselis' syndrome and other theories on keratoconus.

The etiology of keratoconus is still unclear. This study presents a new clinical sign, Thalasselis' syndrome, defined as: an association between keratoconus, magnesium deficiency, type-A behavior and allergy. Also, it introduces the hypothesis that magnesium deficiency could affect pathologically the osmotic mechanism of the cornea, specifically the Na-K and/or Ca-ATPase pumps; the collagen structure by alteration of the adenylate cyclase activity; and other mechanisms as well. Furthermore, we propose the Thalasselis' syndrome is compatible with previous theories on keratoconus. In addition to the other therapeutic measures, such as contact lenses and keratoplasty, this study suggests a clinical, nutritional, psychological, and immunological treatment for keratoconic patients.