Clinical Supervision Models and Frameworks Used in Nursing: A Scoping Review.

AIM: To provide an overview of clinical supervision models and frameworks used in nursing and map them to their areas of use in nursing.

DESIGN

A scoping review guided by JBI methodology for scoping reviews.

METHODS

A systematic search using CINAHL, Medline, PsycINFO, ERIC, and Emcare databases for English-language papers published at any time and ProQuest and Google Scholar databases for unpublished guidelines was conducted in June 2023 and repeated in June 2024.

RESULTS

Thirty-nine papers covering thirty-three clinical supervision models and frameworks highlighted conceptual confusion, lack of evidence for informed choices, and a need for balanced clinical supervision to enhance the reflective, critical thinking, and support of nurses transitioning to advanced practice.

CONCLUSION

Further development is needed for clinical supervision models to support nurses transitioning to advanced practice.

IMPLICATIONS FOR THE PROFESSION: A clearer understanding of clinical supervision within contemporary nursing practice to support nurses' critical reflective thinking for advanced practice.

IMPACT: A clearer understanding of clinical supervision within contemporary nursing practice. Importance of meta-communication skills training for nurses and supervisors. Structured clinical supervision content should be based on nurses' clinical specialty and experience.

REPORTING METHOD: Reporting was guided by The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews.

PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: No patient or public contributions were included as secondary data was used.