Personalized mRNA Vaccine Spurs Lasting Immunity in TNBC.

In a small adjuvant trial of patients with early-stage triple-negative breast cancer, a personalized mRNA neoantigen vaccine induced robust, multitarget T-cell responses that persisted for years. Notably, the vaccine was administered on its own, without concurrent chemotherapy or checkpoint blockade, highlighting the treatment's stand-alone potential to drive durable antitumor immunity.