Recent advances and challenges of metal-organic frameworks for CO2 capture.

Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions resulting from extensive fossil fuel consumption have become an increasingly critical global challenge, underscoring the importance of carbon capture and separation technologies. As emerging porous materials, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) exhibit remarkable potential for CO2 capture due to their unique structures and tunable properties. Current MOF-based CO2 capture methods have been broadly categorized into two major mechanisms: chemisorption and physisorption. By precisely tailoring MOF pore size and shape, creating unsaturated metal sites, and introducing functional groups, researchers significantly boost CO2 capture efficiency. This Frontier article discussed these two mechanisms and highlighted the latest advances in MOF-based CO2 capture, offering valuable guidelines for the development of novel MOF-related technologies.