Jugular approach for percutaneous closure of atrial septal defect.

One hundred and forty-two consecutive procedures of percutaneous closure or atrial septal defect were approached by cannulation of the right femoral vein. In 3 of them, the internal jugular vein approach was also necessary because of azygos continuation or unsuccessful device implantation due to inadequate septal alignment. In all of them, device implantation was successfully performed through this alternative percutaneous vascular approach.