[Recent Trends in Infection and Related Examinations: Infectious Diseases and Their Control in Other Countries (General Remarks)].

In a borderless era, infectious diseases that are prevalent in other countries may also spread to Japan at any time. Among such diseases, attention should particularly be paid to emerging, re-emerging, and zoonosis, arthropod-borne infectious diseases, as well as those occurring after major disasters. Important emerging infectious diseases include SARS, swine influenza, MERS, and infection by antimicrobial-resistant bacteria, while zoonosis is represented by rabies. Rabies is a vaccine-preventable, but vaccination is insufficient due to high costs in some areas. Arthropod-borne infectious diseases, such as malaria, dengue fever, Chikungu- nya fever, Zika fever, and yellow fever, are also important. Learning various lessens from the management of these diseases in other countries, human resource development is currently being promoted in Japan. [Review].