Implementation of quantitative HBsAg testing in clinical microbiology laboratories in Spain: Results from a national GEHEP-SEIMC survey.
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Chaves-Blanco Lucía, Illescas-López Marta, Fuentes Ana, Carracedo Raquel, Delgado-Iribarren Alberto, Vázquez Blanquiño Alberto, Blázquez Ana María, Sáez Ruth, Miqueleiz Ana, Vidal María de Los Reyes, Tosco Tomás, Gómez César, Moldes Luz, Calvo Noelia, Pérez Rodríguez Lucía, Trigo Matilde, Ocete María Dolores, Alcaraz María Jesús, Iborra María Asunción, García Julio, Blas José Joaquín, Vallejo Aldara María, Alberola Romano Ana, Illescas Soledad, Rodriguez Juan Carlos, Alonso Roberto, Cámara Margarita, Navarro María Dolores, Núñez María Luisa, Del Amor Espín María Jesús, Beteta Alicia, Cascales Eva, Soria Luis Miguel, Gacinuño Sonsoles, Sandoval Marta, Cortizo Sandra, Ordóñez Patricia, Liendo Paloma, Pérez-Ruiz Mercedes, Álvarez Argüelles Marta, García Fernando, Rodriguez Inmaculada, Gómez Carmen, Elorduy Luis, Hernández Febles Melisa, González-Praetorius Alejandro, Liébana Carmen, Molina María Lourdes, Salicio Yolanda, Macho Mikele, Becerril Berta, Franco Álvarez Francisco, Falces Iker, Algarate Sonia, Gude María José, Pablo Daniel, Lara María Magdalena, Montiel Natalia, Freyre Carolina, Galán Juan Carlos, Pérez Ana Belén, Lorenzo Belén, Fraile Pablo, Sánchez-Yebra Waldo, Viciana Isabel, Sampedro Antonio, Lozano María Del Carmen, Domínguez Castaño Ana, Ramírez Encarnación, Beltrán Inocencio, Martín Teresa, Puerta Antonio, Tajada Pilar, Panés Paula, Martín Adrián, Hurtado Juan Carlos, López Braos Javier, Arjona Francisco, Miró Elisenda, Ruiz Montserrat, Ramírez Mercedes, Gil Fortuño María, González Pellicer Rosa, Acedo Juan Manuel, Anel Pedroche Jorge, Infante Urrios Ana, Domínguez Victoria, Arán Tohá Guillermo, Martínez Macías Olalla, Orta Mira Nieves, Torres Sopena Luis, Cantudo Purificación, Hernández María Araceli, Arroyo Serrano Teresa, Rando Ariadna, Garrido Marta, Fernández Gema, de Salazar Adolfo, Aguilera Antonio, García Federico
Аннотация
METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was distributed through the Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC) Viral Hepatitis Study Group (GEHEP). Clinical microbiology laboratory professionals across Spain were invited to complete an anonymous online questionnaire. The survey collected information on qHBsAg implementation, technical practices, barriers, and patient-related data. Descriptive statistics were applied.
RESULTS: Of 118 laboratories invited, 91 responded (77.1%); only 37.4% performed qHBsAg. Among non-performing centers, 86% did not refer samples, mainly due to perceived low clinical demand (57.1%), plus lack of equipment/resources. Implementation correlated with hospital size (p=0.041): 0% (<200 beds), 23.3% (200-500), 44.9% (500-1000), 62.5% (≥1000). Among performing labs, 57.6% quantified after a positive qualitative test, 27.3% on request, and 15.2% as initial screening. Proactive reporting was 69.7%, and 81.8% diluted samples above limits. In the last year, 40.7% of results were <100IU/mL and 27.1% >3000IU/mL; over five years (≈14,500 tests), 29.5% >3000IU/mL and 27.3% <100IU/mL, supporting the clinical relevance of these thresholds.
CONCLUSIONS: qHBsAg testing is not uniformly implemented across Spanish clinical microbiology laboratories and workflows and reporting practices are heterogeneous. Given the descriptive design and potential selection bias, these results should be interpreted as a baseline assessment to inform harmonization efforts and future evaluations linking testing availability to clinical decision-making.