Changes in the Dickkopf-1 and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b serum levels in preschool children with nephrotic syndrome.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the changes in the serum Dickkopf-1 (DKK-1) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRACP-5b) levels in preschoolers with nephrotic syndrome (NS). A total of 50 preschoolers (3-5 years old) with NS and 20 healthy preschoolers (control group) were enrolled in the prospective single-center study. The patients with NS received glucocorticoid treatment and the control group received no treatment. The levels of serum calcium, phosphorus, TRACP-5b, DKK-1 and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 were measured at baseline and at 3 and 6 months in all the subjects. The levels of DKK-1 and TRACP-5b were significantly higher in the NS group prior to treatment when compared to the control group (P<0.05), but did not differ significantly between the two groups following treatment (P>0.05). Therefore, DKK-1 and TRACP-5b can be used as biomarkers of bone formation and bone resorption, respectively, in the early evaluation of bone metabolism.