West Nile Virus Infection in Hospitalized Patients With Lymphoma and Multiple Myeloma-A Case Series Analysis.

West Nile virus (WNV) infection poses significant diagnostic and clinical challenges in patients with hematologic malignancies. Herein, we present a retrospective case series of eight patients with lymphoma or multiple myeloma, hospitalized during the 2023-2024 WNV outbreaks in Israel. A confirmed neuroinvasive disease occurred in 50% and the mortality rate was 25%. Immunosuppressive therapies impaired serological diagnosis, necessitating PCR testing. This study underscores the need for heightened clinical suspicion, improved diagnostic strategies, and consideration of therapeutic interventions for WNV in immunocompromised hosts.