[Polycystic renal disease and bilateral renal cancer].

The authors report a case of polycystic kidneys complicated by bilateral renal hypernephroma. This association has been rarely described and is probably frequently unrecognized because of the diagnostic difficulties. Angiography should be performed in all doubtful cases in order to obtain an early diagnosis so that the patients can benefit from modern therapeutic techniques. Polycystic kidneys is a familial hereditary disease capable, like other genetic diseases, of malignant transformation. Clinically undiagnosed partial forms of the disease can be the origin of certain cases of apparently primary renal cancer.