Cisatracurium Continuous Infusion Versus No Neuromuscular Blockade for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome on Venovenous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation.

The benefit of continuous infusion neuromuscular blockade concurrently with venovenous (VV) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome who are receiving mechanical ventilation remains unclear. Adult patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome requiring VV ECMO were analyzed in 2 groups: continuous infusion neuromuscular blockade with cisatracurium vs no neuromuscular blockade. Similar mechanical ventilation strategies were used. The primary end point was duration of VV ECMO. This single-center, retrospective observational cohort included a total of 47 patients, 28 of whom received continuous infusion cisatracurium and 19 patients who did not receive neuromuscular blockade. There was no difference in the duration of VV ECMO in patients who received cisatracurium, 226.5 hours (interquartile range, 119-362.3) vs 187.0 hours (interquartile range, 108-374) in the group who did not receive a paralytic (P = .64). There were no differences in secondary outcomes of days in the hospital, days free of organ dysfunction, ECMO survival, or discharged alive. Among patients with severe ARDS who were managed with VV ECMO, patients who received continuous infusion cisatracurium had no difference in the duration of VV ECMO compared to the nonparalytic comparator group.