Chlamydia pneumoniae infection associated with multi-organ failure and fatal outcome in a previously healthy patient.

Chlamydia pneumoniae has been associated with respiratory infections and with cardiovascular disease. We describe here a patient with multi-organ failure and fatal outcome in whom C. pneumoniae was implicated as a causative agent. Serological analysis for C. pneumoniae was done by immunofluorescence. Immunohistochemistry was carried out with avidin-biotin peroxidase staining. The patient had pneumonia I month prior to death. C. pneumoniae was detected in the heart and lungs by immunohistochemistry at autopsy. The patient had an antibody pattern suggestive of current or chronic C. pneumoniae infection. Serological analysis for Legionella sp., Mycoplasma pneumoniae, CMV, EBV, enteroviral agents and markers for autoimmune disease were negative. The findings suggest C. pneumoniae as the aetiological agent in this case of multi-organ failure.