Management of Kidney Disease in Heart Transplant Patients: A National Delphi Survey-based Consensus Expert Paper.

Kidney disease is a common complication in heart transplant recipients and requires a comprehensive and personalized approach. The interplay between preexisting kidney disease, perioperative factors, immunosuppression, and cardiovascular complications makes the management of kidney dysfunction challenging in these patients. The objective of this expert consensus was to look for agreements for the management of chronic kidney disease in heart transplant recipients. A panel of Spanish cardiologists and nephrologists with expertise in heart and kidney transplantation reviewed the evidence related to the current management of chronic kidney disease in heart transplant recipients and consensus statements were developed using a 2-round Delphi methodology. Consensus statements were proposed covering key topics, including the identification and management of kidney disease in heart transplant recipients and the indications for kidney transplantation. These statements provide additional expert guidance for the management of kidney disease in patients undergoing heart transplantation where published clinical evidence is scarce.