The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026
Adenovirus 40 and 41 Antibodies Associated With Protection From Infection in a Bangladeshi Birth Cohort.
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Hendrick Jennifer, Ma Jennie Z, Huynh Vu, Pablo Jozelyn V, Teng Andy A, Oberai Amit, Campo Joseph J, Camerini David, Petri William A
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Adenovirus (AdV) 40/41 is a major cause of pediatric acute gastroenteritis (AGE), leading to significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. As little is known about clinical correlates of protection, we analyzed AdV-specific antibody reactivities using a multi-AdV protein microarray and serum from a Bangladeshi birth cohort surveilled for diarrhea during the first 2 years of life.
METHODS: Arrays contained a comprehensive set of proteins from AdV 40 and 41, in addition to respiratory AdVs 4, 5, and 26. Children were split into four groups according to AdV 40/41 infection occurrence during year 1 (Y1) and year 2 (Y2) of life. One-year array antibody reactivity levels were analyzed from 119 children using principal component analysis (PCA). Top antibody reactivities were evaluated for associations with AdV 40/41 disease severity and protection in Year 2 using logistic regression.
RESULTS: Eight principal components (PCs) were identified from PCA. Top targets contributing to the leading PCs included external AdV 40/41 antigens that function in host cell entry, particularly penton base (PB) proteins. AdV 41 PB antibody reactivity at Year 1 is significantly associated with reduced risk of AdV 40/41 infection in Year 2 (OR = 0.36, 95% CI: 0.16-0.80, P = .013, adjusted P = .003). Additionally, those with mild to moderate infections in Year 2 had higher reactivities to AdV 40 and 41 PB compared to severe infections (P = .008 and .032, respectively).
CONCLUSIONS: Higher antibody reactivity to AdV PB was associated with improved Year 2 AdV 40/41 outcomes, elevating it as a promising vaccine or monoclonal antibody target.
METHODS: Arrays contained a comprehensive set of proteins from AdV 40 and 41, in addition to respiratory AdVs 4, 5, and 26. Children were split into four groups according to AdV 40/41 infection occurrence during year 1 (Y1) and year 2 (Y2) of life. One-year array antibody reactivity levels were analyzed from 119 children using principal component analysis (PCA). Top antibody reactivities were evaluated for associations with AdV 40/41 disease severity and protection in Year 2 using logistic regression.
RESULTS: Eight principal components (PCs) were identified from PCA. Top targets contributing to the leading PCs included external AdV 40/41 antigens that function in host cell entry, particularly penton base (PB) proteins. AdV 41 PB antibody reactivity at Year 1 is significantly associated with reduced risk of AdV 40/41 infection in Year 2 (OR = 0.36, 95% CI: 0.16-0.80, P = .013, adjusted P = .003). Additionally, those with mild to moderate infections in Year 2 had higher reactivities to AdV 40 and 41 PB compared to severe infections (P = .008 and .032, respectively).
CONCLUSIONS: Higher antibody reactivity to AdV PB was associated with improved Year 2 AdV 40/41 outcomes, elevating it as a promising vaccine or monoclonal antibody target.