Purification of heat shock protein 90 from calf uterus and rat liver and characterization of the highly hydrophobic region.

Heat shock protein 90 was purified from calf uterus and rat liver. Both heat shock protein 90s had similar molecular weights, as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, of Mr 87,000 and 88,000, isoelectric points of 5.2, and Stokes radii of 6.7 and 6.5 nm, respectively. Heat shock protein 90 bound to phenyl-Sepharose CL-4B even at low ionic strength, and also bound to butyl-Toyopearl at high ionic strength. Heat shock protein 90 bound to phenyl-Sepharose could be eluted with a buffer containing organic solvents or detergents such as 2-propanol, dioxane, dimethylformamide, methyl cellosolve, 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-1-propanesulfonate or Triton X-100, but not with ionic salts such as 1 M KCl. These results suggest that heat shock protein 90 possesses a significant hydrophobic region on the surface of the molecule. Hydrophobicities of heat shock protein 90 and 4S calf uterine estrogen receptor were both decreased by formation of a 8 S estrogen receptor complex. The role of the hydrophobic region of heat shock protein 90 in the interaction with estrogen receptor and other proteins is discussed.