A comparison of two sedative premedications for minor oral surgery under local anaesthesia.

Two commonly used drug combinations were studied as premedications before surgical 3rd molar removal under local anaesthesia. The study was randomized, crossover and double-blind in 12 patients. Our routine premedication for lengthy operations, consisting of diazepam 10 mg p.o. plus i.m. scopolamine 0.006 mg/kg and morphine 0.2 mg/kg, was compared with a combination of diazepam 10 mg p.o. plus metoprolol 50 mg p.o. The latter combination was expected to cause fewer central nervous system side effects and be more suitable for out-patient surgery. Drug levels in blood, physiological and biochemical indicators of operation-related stress, CNS side effects, and the patients' subjective preferences were monitored. Both combinations were equally accepted by the patients, but the diazepam/scopolamine/morphine combination caused clearly more side effects after discharge than diazepam/metoprolol. The operation-related haemodynamic changes and plasma catecholamine responses were similar after both premedications.