Multimodal Activity of a Novel Compound against Prostate and Pancreatic Cancer.

BACKGROUND

Prostate and pancreatic cancers pose significant global health challenges. This study explored the potential of compound 5b, a novel phthalimido-1,3-thiazole derivative, as an anticancer agent against these malignancies.

METHODS

In vitro, compound 5b exhibited potent cytotoxic activity against both prostate (DU-145 and PC-3) and pancreatic (Panc-1 and Mia Paca-2) cancer cell lines. Notably, it significantly reduced colony formation in PC-3 cells, potentially hindering tumor growth. Furthermore, treatment with compound 5b suppressed cell migration and induced cell cycle arrest in the PC-3 line. Additionally, it triggered cell death through late apoptosis and necrosis at higher concentrations. Safety evaluations in mice revealed no mortality or adverse effects after a 30-day treatment with compound 5b. Key blood parameters (hematology) and biochemical markers of liver and kidney function remained unaltered.

RESULTS

Compound 5b significantly reduced colony formation, suppressed cell migration, and induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis/necrosis in prostate cancer cells. In vivo, safety evaluations showed no adverse effects in treated mice, with blood and biochemical markers remaining normal.

CONCLUSION

These findings suggest that compound 5b holds promise for further development as a therapeutic option for prostate and pancreatic cancers. Its multimodal activity profile, targeting cell viability, migration, cell cycle progression, and cell death, warrants further investigation.