Isolated renoureteric aspergilloma due to Aspergillus flavus: case report and review of the literature.

In this paper we describe a case in which acute renal colic was associated with elimination of multiple hyphal masses of Aspergillus flavus. Also, we reviewed the literature on similar cases and we found a similar pattern characterized by a marked male predominance, association with at least one underlying medical condition that predisposes to fungal infection, the presence of local symptoms resembling acute ureteral colic, and the absence of systemic manifestations. Moreover, our data suggest that Aspergillus balls must be suspected when a diabetic and intravenous drug user presents with acute renal colic and that non-obstructive renal aspergillosis may be initially treated with itraconazole.