The effect of intravenous ondansetron on maternal haemodynamics during elective caesarean delivery under spinal anaesthesia: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial.

BACKGROUND

Spinal anaesthesia for caesarean delivery is frequently associated with adverse effects such as maternal hypotension and bradycardia. Prophylactic administration of ondansetron has been reported to provide a protective effect. We studied the effect of different doses of ondansetron in obstetric patients.

METHODS

This prospective double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled study included 128 healthy pregnant women scheduled for elective caesarean delivery under spinal anaesthesia. Women were randomly allocated into four groups (n=32) to receive either placebo or ondansetron 2, 4 or 8 mg intravenously before induction of spinal anaesthesia. Demographic, obstetric, intraoperative timing and anaesthetic variables were assessed at 16 time points. Anaesthetic variables assessed included blood pressure, heart rate, oxygen saturation, nausea, vomiting, electrocardiographic changes, skin flushing, discomfort or pruritus and vasopressor requirements.

RESULTS

There were no differences in the number of patients with hypotension in the placebo (43.8%) and ondansetron 2mg (53.1%), 4 mg (56.3%) and 8 mg (53.1%) groups (P=0.77), nor the percentage of time points with systolic hypotension (7.3% in the placebo group and 11.1%, 15.7% and 12.6% in the ondansetron 2, 4 and 8 mg groups, respectively, P=0.32). There were no differences between groups in ephedrine (P=0.11) or phenylephrine (P=0.89) requirements and the number of patients with adverse effects.

CONCLUSIONS

In our study, prophylactic ondansetron had little effect on the incidence of hypotension in healthy parturients undergoing spinal anaesthesia with bupivacaine and fentanyl for elective caesarean delivery.