[The fractions, functions, methods of isolation and the significance for transmission of causative agents of the saliva of ixodid ticks].

The authors present a review on the structure and functions of salivary glands of the Ixodidae ticks, attaching to the host's skin by means of a cement fraction: current ideas on the neurohormonal regulation of salivary function are presented. The method of obtaining various saliva fractions--cement-containing and liquid--from unfed infected ticks belonging to 3 genera (Hyalomma, Dermacentor and Ixodes)--by parenteral administration of secretotropic substances is described. The first portions of saliva, both liquid and cement-forming, are shown to contain tick-borne encephalitis viruses in amounts sufficient for the infection of animals. Epidemiological value of the presence of viruses in the cement cork formed in the host's skin and in the first portion of liquid saliva is discussed.