Mediastinal bronchogenic cyst with respiratory distress from airway and vascular compression.

A 45-year-old female, who had undergone emergency drainage of a cyst, complained of severe dyspnea. Chest computed tomography scans showed a large mass, compressing the right pulmonary artery, superior vena cava, and tracheal bifurcation. Subtotal resection of the cyst wall was carried out due to dense adhesion to adjacent structures. Immediately after surgery, her symptoms resolved completely. Mediastinal bronchogenic cysts in the subcarinal space can cause severe respiratory distress from airway and vascular compression.