One simple and integrated nano-inspection platform for high-throughput detection of clenbuterol.

To achieve high throughput detection of clenbuterol while reducing matrix interference, we developed a simple and integrated nano-inspection platform. Herein, based on the simplicity and convenience of paper chip, a multi-layer paper chip-chemiluminescence (CL) sensor was designed in the form of "48-well plate" type. The all-in-one paper chip-CL sensor has integrated the covalent organic frameworks (COFs) layer for sample matrix purification, high affinity nanobody layer for specific capture of target, and CL rapid response layer for the final determination. The signal readout was realized by the inhibitory effect of clenbuterol on the K3[Fe(CN)6] CL system. Detection of clenbuterol in pork meat was verified by measuring the CL intensity and satisfactory recoveries (85.9 %-97.3 %) were achieved. 48 samples could be simultaneously detected on one-chip in one-test, favoring the high-throughput detection. Especially, the work explored a new pathway for design of portable analytical instruments to achieve immediate on-site detection of hazards.