[Obstructive uropathy by perirenal lymphocele, a rare complication after renal transplantation (author's transl)].

One lymphocele was observed in 151 renal transplants. Ureteral compression led to obstructive uropathy with decreased renal function. The clinical symptomatology, diagnostic procedures and management of lymphoceles is described and discussed. Lymphoceles can mimic the clinical pattern of rejection. The most important data of 21 lymphoceles reported in the literature are reviewed. The formation of lymphoceles may be prevented by careful ligation of all lymphatics transected during dissection of the recipient vessels. Intraperitoneal marsupialization is the therapy of choice in case of persistent lymph leakage and recurrency.