[Cariprazine: from receptor affinities to therapeutic effects. Review in schizophrenic spectrum disorders and expert opinion].

INTRODUCTION: Schizophrenia is a very disabling condition that may result in a significant impairment of individual, professional and social adjustments. Antipsychotics (APs) are the first-line treatment for schizophrenia that may modify the course of the disease in most cases, by decreasing the institutionalization risk, although they may induce severe side effects. It is worth noting that APs may well control positive symptoms, while their efficacy on negative and cognitive symptoms is low. Cariprazine is one of the latest third-generation APs acting as a partial agonist at dopamine receptor of the type 2 and 3 with a broader spectrum of activities, recently approved for the treatment of adult schizophrenia.

AIM: The aim of this paper was to review and comment on the available literature on the effectiveness and tolerability of cariprazine in schizophrenia, with a main focus on possibly specific symptoms, as well as in those peculiar patients' populations that could mostly benefit from this latest AP, when compared with previous APs.

DISCUSSION: The current literature would indicate that cariprazine is significantly more effective on both acute and maintenance treatment of schizophrenia, and in improving positive, negative and cognitive symptoms, than other APs. In any case, cariprazine has a good safety and tolerability profile, with akathisia being its most common side effect. Although further independent studies are needed to clarify its advantages over other APs, cariprazine appears to represent a promising treatment for schizophrenic spectrum disorders.