[Modern nosology and the pathomorphism of kidney diseases].

In studies of the Bright disease the most promising have proved to be functional-physiological and immunological lines, genetic, morphological and enzymological investigations. Achievements of nephrology in studies of nosological forms have made it possible to describe new disorders, to give different interpretation of the diseases existed earlier, and to fractionate the "monolith" nosological forms, which complicates the development of classificational forms of kidney diseases. Singling out of individual disease is impeded, moreover, by the pathomorphosis of kidney diseases, a phenomenon particularly noticeable during the last decade, which not infrequently is difficult to be distinguished from pathology of therapy. The existing classifications of kidney diseases do not meet any longer theoretical and practical needs of current nephrology. In elaborating rational classificational schemes one should be guided not by one but by several principles, including etiological, pathogenetic, clinical, and structural ones, hereditary pathology being considered quite separately.