[Immunohistochemical study on the decidua vessels in recurrent spontaneous abortion].

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the effects of uterine local immunological factors in recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA).

METHODS

The decidua vessels were studied by immunohistochemical ABC method in 26 cases of RSA and 10 cases of normal pregnant women (control group). Meanwhile, serum IgG, IgM, IgA, C3 and CH50 were determined in RSA group and in control group.

RESULTS

In RSA cases, the depositions of IgM (17 cases, 80.8%) were significantly increased (P < 0.001, respectively) as compared with the control group, the depositions of IgG (2 cases, 7.8%) were significantly decreased (P < 0.001); the levels of serum C3, CH50 were significantly decreased (P < 0.01 respectively), but the level of serum IgA was increased significantly (P < 0.05) as compared with the control group. The depositions of C3 were significantly increased in RSA who had autoantibodies (P < 0.01), as compared with those without autoantibodies. In addition, the positive stain of IGM and C3 in the cytoplasm and nuclei of decidua cells and in the cytoplasm of gland cells of some RSA patients were also observed.

CONCLUSION

The results suggest that the immunological damage of decidua vessels is a very important factor in immunopathogenesis for RSA. Decidua cells and gland cells may have potential immunological function.