Involvement of glutamate receptors of the paragigantocellularis lateralis nucleus in the pain modulatory effect of 17β-estradiol in male rats.

The pain modulatory role of the paragigantocellularis lateralis nucleus (LPGi) and the 17β-estradiol has thoroughly been probed. This study investigates the contribution of ionotropic glutamate receptors in pain modulatory effect of intra-LPGi injection of 17β-estradiol. For this purpose, the LPGi nucleus cannulation was performed and drugs were injected into this nucleus, 15 min prior to the formalin test. The duration of formalin-induced flexing and licking behaviors was recorded for 60 min immediately after formalin injection. The results showed that the flexing behavior is significantly decreased by intra-LPGi injection of 0.8 µmol 17β-estradiol duringboth phases of formalin test (P < 0.001). However, 17β-estradiol attenuated the licking duration only in the second phase (P < 0.001). Interestingly, NMDA and AMPA/kainate receptor antagonists (AP5 and CNQX, respectively) significantly counteracted the analgesic effect of intra-LPGi injection of 17β-estradiol in both phases of the formalin test (P < 0.001). Consequently, the revealing results showed that the analgesic effect of intra-LPGi injection of 17β-estradiol on acute inflammatory pain might be mediated via the activation of ionotropic glutamate receptors.