Penetrating injuries of the neck.

In view of the close arrangement of a large number of vital structures in the neck, penetrating wounds in this region should be considered as potentially lethal. Nineteen cases of injury to great vessels and food and air passages which required repair are analysed. There were 4 deaths, giving an overall mortality of 21 per cent. Two of these were injuries of the subclavian and innominate veins when prolonged delay for resuscitation was probably the main reason for the deaths. The third was in a patient with tracheal injury in whom a coexistent oesophageal lesion was missed and the fourth a case of spinal cord injury. When adequate exposure cannot be obtained by exploration of the neck, median sternotomy or anterior thoracotomy is advisable.