[Neurochemical and morphological changes of microstructures of the compact part of the substantia nigra of human brain in aging and Parkinson's disease (literature review).].

For investigation of pathogenetic patterns of Parkinson's disease, it is important to adequately assess the mechanisms of age-related involution and morphological changes that are formed in the brain during this process. Clinical symptoms, detected in Parkinson's disease (rigidity, hypokinesia, tremor), indicate the involvement in the pathological process of nigrostriate brain formations due to the death of dopamine neurons in the compact part of the substantia nigra. At the same time, the loss of these neurons, as well as the change in the number of neuroglia cells in the substantia nigra of the brain, are detected not only in Parkinson's disease, but also in physiological aging. This review presents and compares data on the morphological changes in the compact part of the substantia nigra of the human brain in physiological aging and Parkinson's disease.