National noncommunicable disease monitoring survey (NNMS) in India: Estimating risk factor prevalence in adult population.
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Mathur Prashant, Kulothungan Vaitheeswaran, Leburu Sravya, Krishnan Anand, Chaturvedi Himanshu Kumar, Salve Harshal Ramesh, Amarchand Ritvik, Nongkynrih Baridalyne, Kumar P Ganesh, K S Vinay Urs, Ramakrishnan Lakshmy, Laxmaiah A, Boruah Manjit, Kumar Sanjeev, Patro Binod Kumar, Raghav Pankaja Ravi, Rajkumar Prabu, Sarma P Sankara, Sharma Rinku, Tambe Muralidhar, Thankappan K R, Arlappa N, Mahanta Tulika Goswami, Joshi Rajnish P, Rustagi Neeti, Gupta Sonia, Behera Binod Kumar, Shelke Sangita Chandrakant, Galhotra Abhiruchi, Bhuyan Pranab Jyoti, Pakhare Abhijit P, Kumar Dewesh, Topno Roshan K, Gupta Manoj Kumar, Trivedi Atulkumar V, Garg Suneela
Аннотация
MATERIALS AND METHODS: NNMS was a national level cross-sectional survey conducted during 2017-18. The estimated sample size was 12,000 households from 600 primary sampling units. One adult (18-69 years) per household was selected using the World Health Organization-KISH grid. The study tools were adapted from WHO-STEPwise approach to NCD risk factor surveillance, IDSP-NCD risk factor survey and WHO-Global adult tobacco survey. Total of 8/10 indicators of adult NCD risk factors according to national NCD disease monitoring framework was studied. This survey for the first time estimated dietary intake of salt intake of population at a national level from spot urine samples.
RESULTS: Total of 11139 households and 10659 adults completed the survey. Prevalence of tobacco and alcohol use was 32.8% (95% CI: 30.8-35.0) and 15.9% (95% CI: 14.2-17.7) respectively. More than one-third adults were physically inactive [41.3% (95% CI: 39.4-43.3)], majority [98.4% (95% CI: 97.8-98.8)] consumed less than 5 servings of fruits and / or vegetables per day and mean salt intake was 8 g/day (95% CI: 7.8-8.2). Proportion with raised blood pressure and raised blood glucose were 28.5% (95% CI: 27.0-30.1) and 9.3% (95% CI: 8.3-10.5) respectively. 12.8% (95% CI: 11.2-14.5) of adults (40-69 years) had ten-year CVD risk of ≥30% or with existing CVD.
CONCLUSION: NNMS was the first comprehensive national survey providing relevant data to assess India's progress towards targets in National NCD monitoring framework and NCD Action Plan. Established methodology and findings from survey would contribute to plan future state-based surveys and also frame policies for prevention and control of NCDs.