Human Herpesvirus-6 Infectious Meningitis With Lymphadenitis in an Immunocompetent Adult.

PURPOSE: Human Herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) infections are primarily observed in immunocompromised individuals, such as those with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome or organ transplant recipients. However, its role as a pathogen in immunocompetent adults remains debated. We aimed to explore the clinical significance of HHV-6 in immunocompetent individuals by presenting a case of HHV-6-associated meningitis with concurrent lymphadenitis.

METHOD: We describe a case of an immunocompetent adult presenting with recurrent fever and headaches.

FINDING: Diagnostic evaluations included next-generation sequencing analysis identified HHV-6 in both cerebrospinal fluid specimens and lymphoid tissue samples. The patient demonstrated complete clinical resolution following a 14-day course of ganciclovir therapy.

CONCLUSION

This case underscores the need to consider HHV-6 infection in immunocompetent adults presenting with meningitis of unknown etiology. Early detection and targeted antiviral therapy may lead to favorable clinical outcomes.