Discovery of Bioactive Terpenes Derived from a Polar Fungus.

Polar fungi play a vital role as prolific sources of unique chemical structures and diverse bioactive compounds. Eutypella sp. D-1 is a fungus isolated from the Arctic, and six compounds were extracted from the fermentation broth. Their structures are elucidated from HRESIMS, NMR spectroscopy, and ECD calculations. Compounds 1-5 are newly discovered compounds, with compound 1 possessing a rare peroxide-bridge structure. Compounds 1-4 are categorized as pimarane-type diterpenes, while compounds 5 and 6 belong to the eudesmanolide sesquiterpenes. Compound 4 demonstrates anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide release in RAW264.7 cells. Compounds 4 and 5 show antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.