Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.) · 2025
Mediterranean diet in cancer patients' survival: A systematic review and meta-analysis for tertiary prevention featured in the Italian National Guidelines "La Dieta Mediterranea".
СтатьяСистематический обзорМетаанализНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Nucci Daniele, Ragusa Francesco Saverio, Veronese Nicola, Brunello Antonella, Laviano Alessandro, Volpe Massimo, Maggi Stefania, Onder Graziano, Silano Marco, Zanetti Michela, Alonzo Elena, Crudele Lucilla, Fichera Martina, Giussani Cristina, Misotti Alessandro, Paolini Barbara, Trestini Ilaria, Gianfredi Vincenza, Mediterranean Diet Guideline Group
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Cancer remains a leading global health burden, yet survival rates are improving due to better prevention and treatment advances. In this systematic review and meta-analysis we investigate the impact of adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) on overall and disease-free survival in cancer patients across various cancer types.
METHODS: This review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA 2020 and MOOSE guidelines. A comprehensive search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane Library was performed up to February 28, 2024. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, and the certainty of evidence was evaluated with the NUTRIGRADE approach. Pooled effect sizes were computed using a random-effects model and expressed as risk ratios, hazard ratios (HR), or odds ratios.
RESULTS: Among 8314 records initially identified, 17 studies were included; sample sizes ranged from 23 to 6457. Moderate-certainty evidence showed that higher adherence to the MD was associated with reduced overall mortality in cancer patients (risk ratio: 0.96; 95% CI: 0.94-0.98), including subgroups with head and neck (HR: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.84-1.00), ovarian (HR: 0.68; 95% CI: 0.56-0.87), prostate (HR: 0.97; 95% CI: 0.95-0.99), breast (HR: 0.97; 95% CI: 0.96-0.98), and gastric cancer (HR: 0.50; 95% CI: 0.45-0.55). Moderate-certainty evidence supported improved disease-free survival in patients with breast cancer (HR: 0.39; 95% CI: 0.15-0.72).
CONCLUSIONS: Higher adherence to the MD correlates with improved survival and quality of life in various cancers. It is therefore a promising, sustainable strategy to be integrated in cancer care.
METHODS: This review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA 2020 and MOOSE guidelines. A comprehensive search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane Library was performed up to February 28, 2024. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, and the certainty of evidence was evaluated with the NUTRIGRADE approach. Pooled effect sizes were computed using a random-effects model and expressed as risk ratios, hazard ratios (HR), or odds ratios.
RESULTS: Among 8314 records initially identified, 17 studies were included; sample sizes ranged from 23 to 6457. Moderate-certainty evidence showed that higher adherence to the MD was associated with reduced overall mortality in cancer patients (risk ratio: 0.96; 95% CI: 0.94-0.98), including subgroups with head and neck (HR: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.84-1.00), ovarian (HR: 0.68; 95% CI: 0.56-0.87), prostate (HR: 0.97; 95% CI: 0.95-0.99), breast (HR: 0.97; 95% CI: 0.96-0.98), and gastric cancer (HR: 0.50; 95% CI: 0.45-0.55). Moderate-certainty evidence supported improved disease-free survival in patients with breast cancer (HR: 0.39; 95% CI: 0.15-0.72).
CONCLUSIONS: Higher adherence to the MD correlates with improved survival and quality of life in various cancers. It is therefore a promising, sustainable strategy to be integrated in cancer care.