[Two cases of intralobar pulmonary sequestration associated with nontuberculous mycobacterial infection in a young patient].

We report two cases of intralobar pulmonary sequestration associated with nontuberculous mycobacterial infection. Case 1: A 28-year-old woman was hospitalized because of cough. Chest CT demonstrated multi-cystic lesions with an air-fluid level in the right lower lobe. Case 2: A 25-year-old woman was hospitalized because of fever. Chest CT demonstrated homogeneous consolidation in the right lower lobe. In both cases, aortography showed an anomalous artery supplying the right basal segment, and pulmonary sequestration was diagnosed. Furthermore, Mycobacterium avium was detected in the bronchial lavage, and a right lower lung lobectomy was performed after chemotherapy. Mycobacterium avium was cultured from the fluid in the sequestrated lung, and histological findings of the resected lobe showed epithelioid cell granulomas. We diagnosed these cases as having pulmonary sequestrations associated with nontuberculous mycobacterial infection. We concluded that pulmonary sequestration should be considered an underlying disease of secondary nontuberculous mycobacterial infections in young patients.