TLC profiling, nutritional and pharmacological properties of Siberian ginseng (Eleutherococcus senticosus) cultivated in Poland.

The chemical composition and pharmacological activity of E. senticosus cultivated in Poland were investigated. Studies included the assay of TPC and TFC, 2D-TLC identification of phenolic acids, HPTLC-detection of antioxidants, and antioxidative, antileukemic, anti-MMPs properties of E. senticosus. The ethanolic extracts from the roots, spring leaves, fruits, and the chloroform extract from the roots were tested. The richest in polyphenols are the fresh fruits (57.5 mg/g), while in flavonoids the spring leaves (27.4 mg/g). The antioxidant ability both in extracts and single phenolic constituents were checked out by the measurement of the DPPH radical scavenging activity, iron (II) chelating and lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity. Using HPTLC-DB test eleutherosides B and E1 have been found as the phenolic antioxidants. Thirty six percent of apoptotic cells have been observed in Jurkatt 45 line by the treatment with the chloroform extract from the roots. Only the chloroform extract from the roots and the ethanolic one from the dried fruits have shown the inhibitory activities against MMPs. It is noteworthy, that our studies have been done for the first time, and the plant material has come from another geographical zone (Poland) than native (Asia).