Reactivation of visual cortical plasticity by NEP1-40 from early monocular deprivation in adult rats.

Amblyopia is difficult to cure in adult due to the declination of visual cortical plasticity with age. However, the mechanisms limiting adult cortical plasticity are still unclear. Inhibition factors associated with myelin are suggested to be crucial for the ocular dominance plasticity in the visual cortex. We hypothesize that blocking Nogo-NgR system with NEP1-40 in adult visual cortex will reactivate the structural and functional plasticity. To back up this hypothesis, we subjected postnatal day 21 (P21) rats to monocular deprivation (MD) model until P45. Then the deprived eyes of MD model rats were reopened and followed by NEP1-40 or PBS administration for 7days. Dendritic spine densities, ultrastructral modifications of synaptic junctions and objective visual function were examined at P52 to determine the therapeutic effects of NEP1-40. Our findings suggest a new curative role for NEP1-40 in structural and functional recovery from the deficits of adult MD rats, and offer a potential therapeutic tool for curing amblyopia and other cortically based visual disorders.